Dates Location Name Directors, researchers Method Languages Section

49-60 U.Washington Reifler dir RE,(GE,CE) 4.1

50-60 RAND Corp. Harper, Hays dir RE 4.4

51-65 MIT Bar-Hillel, Yngve tr GE,(F,A,C,Fin) 4.7

52-63 Georgetown U GAT Dostert, Zarechnak dir RE 4.3

SERNA Toma

SLC Brown FE

54-64 Harvard U Oettinger, Kuno dir RE (JE) 4.9

54-67 CLRU Masterman int E,I,L 5.2

55-59 Birkbeck C Booth dir FE,GE 5.1

55-67 Ramo-W. Swanson, Garvin dir RE 4.6

55-62 U.Michigan Koutsoudas dir RE 4.5

55-64? ITMVT, Moscow Panov, Bel’skaya dir ER 6.1

55-66 MIAN, Moscow Lyapunov, Kulagina dir FR 6.2

Moloshnaya tr ER

55-65? Inst.Ling., Moscow Reformatskii FR 6.3

Mel’chuk int (HR)

57- ? 1^st Moscow State Revzin (E,F,S,R) 6.5

Ped.Inst. Rozentsveig

57-66 Charles U, Prague Sgall (int) ECz 6.10

58-67? Leningrad U Andreev int mult 6.4

Zasorina dir RE

58-70 ETL, Tokyo Wada, Tadenuma dir EJ,(JE) 7.1

58-64 IBM Mark I,II King dir RE,(FE,CE) 4.2

58-64 UC Bekeley Lamb (dir) RE,(CE) 4.10

58-72 Wayne State U Josselson dir RE 4.12

58-68 LRC Texas Lehmann, Tosh tr GE,(RE,F,S,J) 4.11

59-66 Milan Ceccato int RE,(I,G,L) 5.3

59-63 NBS Rhodes dir RE 4.8

61-71 Grenoble U CETA Vauquois int RF,(GF,JF) 5.5

63-77 Patent Off,Moscow Vasilevskii tr,rst ER 11.6

64- Latsec/WTC Systran Toma dir RE 12.1

64-76 Bonn LIMAS Hoppe int EG,GE 10.4

65-81 U.Montreal TAUM Kittredge tr EF 13.1

METEO dir,rst EF

65-76 Inst.Ling.Moscow MTM Mel’chuk int ER,mult 10.2

66-76 Leningrad Fitialov tr ER 11.6

67- Saarbrücken SUSY Maas, Luckhardt tr RG,E,F,J,Esp 13.2

67-75 CETIS Ispra, EURATOM Perschke tr RE 11.1

67-75 UC Berkeley POLA Wang tr CE 11.2

69-78 Logos Corp. LOGOS Scott dir EV 12.2

69- Hong Kong CULT Loh IA,dir CE 17.9

70-74 Stanford U Wilks AI EF 15.1

70-75 LRC Texas METAL Lehmann, Stachowitz int GE,(RE) 10.3

70-79 Brigham Y.U. ITS Lytle IA,int Emult 17.10

70- Paris Inst.Tex. TITUS Ducrot rst E,F,G,S 17.3

71- Grenoble U GETA-Ariane Vauquois, Boitet tr RF,(E,G,C,J,P) 13.3

73-80 Heidelberg U SALAT int E,F,G 16.1

74- Moscow C.Tr. AMPAR Marchuk dir ER 18.4

NERPA dir GR 18.5

FRAP Leont’eva tr FR 18.6

75- Leningrad Piotrovskii dir,rst ER,JR 18.2

76- PAHO SPANAM Vasconcellos dir SE 12.4

ENGSPAN Leon tr ES

76- Charles U,Prague Kirschner tr ECz 13.5

76- European Comm. Systran dir/tr EF,EI,FE,&c. 14.2

77-89 Chicago Weidner IA,dir A,E,F,G,I,J,P,S 17.12

77- New York Smart Smart IA,rst EF, etc. 17.4

78- European Comm. Eurotra Perschke, etc. tr mult 14.2

78- LRC Texas METAL Lehmann, Slocum tr GE 13.4

78-82 Yale U Carbonell AI ER,ES 15.2

MOPTRANS Lytinen AI SE,FE

79- BSO Utrecht DLT Witkam int (Esp), EF,EF 16.3

80- Provo(Utah) ALPS IA EF,EG,EI,ES 17.11

80- Kyoto U TITRAN Nagao dir,rst EJ 18.13

Mu Nagao tr EJ,JE

80- Philips Rosetta Landsbergen int E,D,S 16.2

81- Hitachi ATHENE tr EJ,JE 18.10

81- Fujitsu ATLAS dir JE,JG 18.11

81- Osaka tr EJ,JE 18.9

81- NTT LUTE Nomura AI JE,EJ 18.12

82- Logos Corp. LOGOS tr GE,(EG) 13.6

83- Colgate U TRANSLATOR Tucker,Nirenburg AI E,S,R,J 15.7

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Methods: dir=direct, int=interlingual, tr=transfer, IA=interactive, rst=restricted language, AI=artificial intelligence

Language: C=Chinese, Cz=Czech, D=Dutch, E=English, Esp=Esperanto, F=French, Fin=Finnish, G=German, H=Hungarian,

I=Italian, J=Japanese, L=Latin, M=Malay, mult=multilingual, P=Portuguese, R=Russian, S=Spanish, V=Vietnamese